Index
Act Conferring Full Powers 605
Adelcia 631
Alexander I (czar of Russia) 74-6, 78, 83-4, 353
Alexander II (czar of Russia) 56, 84, 93, 116, 118, 134, 193
Alexander III (czar of Russia) 119-21, 150, 165, 185, 323
Allied powers 76, 375, 393, 500
America. See United States of America
Anders, Wladyslaw 579, 594
Andrusovo, Treaty of 46, 480
Anthem of the Polish Legions in Italy 80, 84
April Theses 324
Archangel 396
Augustus II "the Strong" (king of Poland) 53
Augustus III (king of Poland) 56
Austerlitz, Battle of 71
Austria
Army 263, 266-8, 283-4, 287, 289, 297, 304, 320, 329, 376, 470, 515, 519, 598
Austrian Poland 12, 88, 164, 168-9, 188, 240, 261
Balkan states, relations with 236-7, 252-3, 256
Galicia, Battle of 281-4
Habsburgs 41, 49, 52, 65, 168, 251, 253, 259, 271, 273-4, 321
Napoleonic wars, and 69-77
Poland, partitions of 58-65
Poland, plans for during WWI 257, 258, 262, 268-70, 283, 285, 297
Polish politicians, and 168, 194, 267
Pilsudski, and 169, 198, 257-8, 262, 268-9, 283, 285, 297, 305-9
rifleman associations 228-9
Vienna, the Siege of 49-52, 69, 73
Austro-Hungarian Empire. See also Austria 232, 238, 251, 258, 262, 269, 279, 281, 285, 290, 294, 302, 304, 335, 364, 438
Baden, Prince Maximilian von 339
Baginski, Kazimierz 653
Balkan League 236
Balkans 191, 235-6, 253-4
Balkan War 236-7
Bar, Confederation of 57, 59
Bartel, Kazimierz 548, 565, 569, 587-8, 593-5, 599, 601-7, 609, 611-2, 637-8, 643, 647-9, 655-7, 661
Bartelowanie 647-9
Barthou, Louis 496, 681-2
Bartos, Wojciech 64
Bathory, Stefan (king of Poland) 40, 168, 387
Bathory, University 523, 627, 632
BBWR (Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government) 620-3, 634, 635, 636-40, 642-3, 646, 649, 652, 654-5, 660, 661, 687, 697
Beaumont Square 148
Beck, Joseph 568, 580, 608, 632, 670-2, 676, 677, 680, 682-4, 689-90, 697
Belarus. See Byelorussia
Belgium 79, 229, 255, 264, 277, 429, 540
Belina-Prazmowski, Wladyslaw 259
Belvedere Camp 354, 524
Belvedere Palace 353, 390, 445, 491, 513, 522, 541, 543-4, 547, 557, 559, 563, 564, 566, 569-71, 577, 578, 600, 628-9, 631, 682, 688-91
Benes, Edvard 500, 670
Beniaminow 320
Bereza Kartuska, Battle of 384, 407
Bereza Kartuska, internment camp 662-3
Berlin 255, 274-5, 309, 321, 339-40, 349, 433, 441, 463, 617, 673, 677-9, 691
Beseler, Hans Hartwig von 309-14, 318-21, 334, 336, 340, 353, 364
Bessarabia 260, 669
Bezdany Raid 212, 215-25, 231, 235, 239, 294, 454, 621, 642, 699
Bialystok 132, 156
bibula 138-39, 146, 148, 159, 165, 170, 210
Billewicz, Helena 98
Bismarck, Otto von 88, 227, 250, 311, 679
Black Friday 334
Black Hand, the 252
Black Sea 325, 354
Bloody Wednesday 201, 203
Bninski, Count Adolf 597, 600
Bobruisk 316
Boerner, Ignacy 290
Bohemia 21, 25-6, 34, 39, 253, 330, 376
bojowa. See also combat organization 182, 188, 191, 193, 200-2, 208-11, 220, 224-5, 275, 294
Boleslaw I "the Brave" (king of Poland) 21, 46, 83, 354, 419, 421
Boleslaw II "the Bold" (king of Poland) 21
Bolsheviks 12, 316, 334, 351-52, 356, 359, 363, 377, 379, 380-3, 386-8, 393, 395-424 , 428, 430-1, 434-8, 440-2, 447, 451, 454, 459-60, 464, 467, 469, 473-4, 479-80, 509, 578, 595, 619-20, 668
Bolshevik Revolution 323-26
Bosnia-Herzegovina 173, 226, 236, 252-3
Boxer Rebellion 172-3
Brandenburg 37, 44, 45,47, 48
Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of 325-6, 330
Briand, Aristide 486, 627, 668, 675
Bruening, Heinrich 674
Brusilov, General Aleksei 301-4
Brusilov Offensive 302-5, 314, 327
Brzesc 384, 653-7, 661, 663, 695
Brzoska, Stanislaw 87
Bucharest 499, 664
Budionny, Siemion 423-5, 438-9, 442, 465
Bug River 29, 308, 435, 437, 439, 449, 450, 457, 463
Bulgaria 235-7, 251, 317, 334
Burke, Edmund 61
Burkhardt-Bukacki, Stanislaw 259
Butyrki prison 123
Byelorussia (Belarus) 34, 48, 105-6, 179, 183, 305, 308, 316, 318, 346, 355-7, 368, 379-84, 387, 389, 394-6, 399, 395-6, 399, 400, 403, 407, 416, 441, 465, 467, 477-80, 493, 495, 510
Byzantine 19, 34, 219, 347
Camp of Greater Poland 613-4, 663
Campbell, Thomas 64
Car, Stanislaw 606, 632, 635, 638, 649, 651, 685-7
Carpathian Mountains 17, 59, 169, 281, 304, 375, 442
Casimir the Great (king of Poland) 25-8, 37, 168, 376
Catherine the Great (empress of Russia) 56- 65, 70, 173, 316, 346, 473, 565
Catholicism (Roman Catholic Church) 15, 20, 21, 25, 30, 53-6, 44-5, 56-7, 81, 87, 98, 103, 110, 113-4, 150, 153-4, 168, 177, 195, 264, 296-7, 328, 347, 355, 365, 461, 498-9, 502, 510, 534, 563, 589, 610-5, 621, 650, 690
Central Powers 12, 256, 266, 269, 275, 281, 283-6, 289, 290-4, 298, 301, 304-8, 314-9, 321, 325, 332
Central Workers Committee (CKR) 140, 157, 166, 182, 188-9, 202, 204
Centrolew (Provisional Executive Committee of the Centre-Left) 649
Cejtlik 125
Chamberlain, Austen 616, 627
Charlemagne 20, 72
Charles V, Duke of Lorraine 50
Charles XII (king of Sweden) 53
Cheka 440
Chelm 273, 346, 452
Chicago, Illinois 175, 328, 534
Cieszyn 377
China 123, 171-3, 396
Chmielnicki, Bogdan 43, 45
Christian Democrats 543, 548, 603, 634, 643, 648, 652, 655
Church of the Savior of the Blood 120
Churchill, Winston 14, 347, 396, 398, 404-5, 421, 430
Ciechicinek Spa 140
Citadel, Warsaw 2- 9, 12, 81, 118, 160, 169, 176, 200, 337, 440, 516, 530, 569, 653
CKN (Central National Committee) 297-8, 310
CKR (Central Workers Committee) 140, 157, 166, 182, 188-9, 202, 204, 140
Clausewitz, Carl von 208
Clemenceau, Georges 331, 361, 405, 582
combat organization. See also bojowa 182-8, 191, 200-3, 210-1, 221, 290
Committee for Public Salvation 70
Comrade Wiktor 147, 149, 165
Communism 347, 356, 358, 396, 398, 404, 406, 410, 429, 441, 451, 468-9, 621
Communist Worker's party of Poland (KPRP) 358-9, 595
concordat 534, 652
confederation 38-9, 54-60, 66, 74, 555
Congress for the Defense of the Law and Freedom of the People 649-50
Congress Kingdom 77- 87, 101, 131, 141, 165, 167-8, 186-7, 192, 201, 208, 211. 233, 251, 259, 266, 271, 274, 286, 292, 298, 306, 347
Constantine, Grand Duke of Russia 70, 78, 79, 80, 353, 629
Constantinople 35, 48, 49
Continental System 72
Convention Union A,B 318
Coordinating Commission for the Defense of the Republic and Democracy 639
Copernicus, Nicholas 33
cordon sanitaire 479
Corsica, 69, 73, 98
Cossacks 43-4, 48, 183, 185, 192, 220, 280, 406, 423, 438
council of colonels 297-8
Council of National Defense 426-8, 455
coup d'état, May 1926
aerial bombardment 569
causalities 562, 579
cease fire 579-82
general strike 575
government actions 551-2, 558-60, 562, 577-9
initial phases 556-8
Poniatowski bridge incident 558-62
preparations 561, 564-9
race for reinforcements 571-9
railroad workers activities 576
Wilanow 578-9
Cracow. See Krakow
Crimean War 80, 173
Curie-Sklodowska, Maria 113
Curzon, Line 402, 431, 433, 435, 475
Curzon, Lord George 402, 431, 435, 437, 478
Czartoryski, Adam 70, 78-9, 83-4, 355
Czechoslovakia 347, 376, 433, 437, 441, 493, 495, 500, 540, 550, 617, 656, 661, 669, 673, 678, 681
Czechowicz, Gabriel 607, 635, 638, 640-2, 647-8, 653, 660
Czerwinski (minister of education) 648-9
Czestochowa, Black Madonna of 457
D'Abernon, Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount 406, 433-6, 440, 456-62, 467-9, 633
Dabrowa Basin 156, 259, 265, 336
Dabrowski, Jan 69, 71, 73, 157
Dabkowski, Niedzyslaw 204
Dachau 662
Danzig. See also Gdansk 24, 41, 44, 55, 59, 62, 77, 346, 372, 374, 421-2, 431, 436, 451, 475, 539, 617, 626, 667, 670-5
Darwin, Charles 112, 176
Das Kapital 117
Daszynski, Ignacy 139, 335, 336, 341, 351-2, 436, 514, 563, 574, 637-9, 643-4, 646
Davies, Norman 405, 469
Dawes, Charles (Dawes Plan) 534
De Gaulle, Charles 399, 405, 419, 461
Deane, Silas 59
Debski, Aleksander 586
Debski, Jan 175
Deluge, the 42-8, 53, 203, 260, 309, 345, 375, 555, 610, 699
Denikin, General Anton 396-7, 401, 403, 410, 421-2, 509
Denmark 45, 53
Depression, the Great 649, 658-60, 670
disannexation 374, 429
Dmowski, Roman 170, 176-83, 193-8, 227, 273, 311-2, 327, 331-5, 342, 348, 350-2, 359-62, 371-3, 427, 434-6, 455, 520, 597, 613-4, 663, 699
Dnieper River 43, 59, 330, 424
Dorpat University 116
Douglas, James 179
Druskieniki 606, 630
Dubois, Stanislaw 653
Duchy of Warsaw 497, 598
Duma 192-5, 264
Dumas, Alexander 110
Dunaburg 413
Dvina River 59, 413
Dzierzynski, Feliks 440-2
Eagles Nest 295
East Prussia 41, 47, 72, 168, 265, 279, 346, 371-4, 378, 429, 433, 442, 462-3, 673, 675
Eastern Locarno 682-3
Ebert, Friedrich 379
Eden, Anthony 688
Egypt 664
Elbe River 19-20, 340
Elliot, T. S. 159
Elster River 75, 283
Endecja. See also National Democratic Party 176, 513, 516, 521-2, 525
Engels, Friedrich 136-7, 143
Entente 251, 254, 383, 399, 429-30, 433, 437, 471, 475, 477, 673
Estonia 18, 24, 30, 34, 36, 116, 162, 325, 347, 354, 380, 397, 414, 681
fascism 556
federation
Boleslaw "the Brave," as proposed by 21
Czartoryski, as proposed by 83-4, 355
Paris Program, as proposed by 135
Pilsudski, as proposed by 13, 144, 188, 355-6
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 33-4, 37, 83
Prometheism Project 356
Ferdinand, Archduke Franz 242, 251-3, 257, 619
Ferdinand I (king of Rumania) 498, 664
Filipowicz, Tytus 175-6, 179, 181, 204, 667
Finland 308, 324-5, 347, 355, 397, 401, 414, 501
First Brigade 277, 286-90, 294-6, 298, 303-5, 314, 319, 338, 354, 364-6, 525, 527, 541, 553, 562, 566, 568, 594, 608, 670, 687, 698
First War Council 511, 520
flying university 113, 205
Foch, Ferdinand 405, 433, 437, 449, 496
Forward 170
Four Power Pact 673-4
Fourth Brigade 621, 634
Fox, James Charles 61
France
alliances 496-7, 681-2
Army 72, 74-5, 77, 366-7
interwar conferences 500-1, 540, 616-7, 681
military mission in Poland 399, 433-4
Napoleonic age 69-75
Poland, history with 39-40, 68-9, 73, 76, 83, 495
Polish Army, in 329, 331-2
preemptive war, rejects 675
revolution 61, 63, 68, 79
Russia, relations with 681
WWI, and 254-5, 277, 299-300, 331
Franco-Prussian War 299
Frankish Empire 19-20
Franz Joseph (emperor of Austria) 251-2, 306, 308
Frederick the Great (king of Prussia) 56, 208, 372
Frederick William (elector of Brandenburg) 45
Freemasons 612
Freikorps 379, 475
Fujiyama, Mount 176
Gai, G. D, (Gai-Khan) 425, 438, 451, 463
Galicia 59, 88, 103, 138, 163-4, 168-9, 181, 186-7, 198-9, 208, 228, 232-5, 253, 263, 267-9, 272, 274, 281, 283, 294, 304, 307-8, 324, 326, 335, 341, 366-8, 371, 375-6, 385, 389, 393-5, 406, 431, 451, 497
Galicia, Battle of 281, 285-6, 289, 304, 329, 338
Gapon, Father Georgei 185
Gazeta Polska, 467
Gdansk. See also Danzig 24, 339, 346, 372
Gdynia 626, 640, 657, 670-1
Genghis Kan 23
Genoa, Conference of 500-1, 507
George, Lloyd 332, 361, 367, 372-4, 398, 405, 411-2, 416, 430-7, 469-70, 475, 500-3, 540
George III (king of England) 58
Germany
Army 277-8, 317, 325, 422, 475, 672, 674
boycott of Poland 422, 529, 538, 625
empire 37, 45, 48, 53, 270, 347, 374
Hitler, and 22, 41, 72, 98, 178, 405, 410, 445, 462, 503, 556, 605, 614, 662, 671-81, 691, 695, 699
Nazis, and the 13-4, 55, 661-3, 667, 672, 674, 676, 678, 699
Poland, partitions of 58-66
Poland, plans with during WWI 275, 306-11, 318-9
Prussia 37, 44, 47, 53, 55-6, 59, 63, 65, 69, 71, 77-8, 82, 88, 141, 279, 306-7, 433, 442
Rapallo, and the Treaty of 500-1, 540
revisionism 278, 501, 529, 539-40, 617, 667-71, 674, 676, 683
Russia, relation with 500-1, 529, 680-1
Second Polish Republic, relations with 442, 529, 625, 476, 674, 678-80
Wehrmacht 310, 320, 410
Weimar Republic 379, 530, 534, 538, 617, 667, 674
WWI, and the orgins of 250-1, 254-6, 277-9
Gibson, Hugh 416
Ginet, Prince 99
Gniezno 19-20, 26, 38, 73
Goebbels, Joseph 491, 676, 679
Goering, Hermann 679, 691
Golden Horde 22-3
Government of National Salvation 455
government of self-defense (samoobrona) 380
Grabski, Stanislaw 534
Grabski, Wladyslaw 426-9, 431-2, 436, 474, 477, 507, 532-41, 545, 547-8, 552, 626
Grand Design. See also Federation 356-7, 414
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 29, 32, 36, 97, 167, 346, 356, 371, 380, 385
Great Britain 19, 33, 86, 164-5, 173, 175, 251, 253, 255, 277, 300, 329, 361, 388, 396, 398, 402, 412, 414, 431, 468, 539-40, 550, 616, 618, 625, 667-8, 673
Great Cossack Rebellion 43, 47
Greater Poland Uprising 378
Great War. See also World War I 12, 250, 276, 286, 304, 347, 375, 385, 398, 404, 447, 470, 474, 550, 621
Greece 236, 618, 664
Grochow, Battle of 80
Grodno 389, 402, 435, 465-6
Grunswald. See Tannenberg, Battle of (1410)
Grzybowski Square 183, 186
Habsburg Empire 41, 49, 52, 65, 168, 251, 253, 259, 271, 273-4, 321
Hadziacz, Union of 46
Haller, Joseph 286, 322, 329-32, 359, 365-7, 389, 414-5, 437, 439, 452, 455, 457, 471, 520, 543, 580, 591
Haller, Stanislaw 520, 543
Hanbury-Williams, Charles 57
Hankey, Maurice 334
Hellman, Madame 216
Helsinki 414
Henri III (king of France and Poland) 39-40
Henrician Articles 40
Henrys, General Paul 339
hetman 48
Hindenburg, Paul von 274, 278, 301, 331, 334
Hitler, Adolf 22, 41, 72, 98, 178, 405, 410, 445, 462, 503, 556, 605, 614, 662, 671-81, 691, 695, 699
Hoffman, General 380, 384
Hohenzollern Empire 37, 45, 48, 53, 270, 347, 374
Hollweg, Chancellor Bethmann 307, 313
Holy Roman Empire 15, 18, 20, 45, 66
Hoover, Herbert 345, 667
Horodlo, Treaty of 27, 32, 99, 354
Hotowko, Tadeuz 662
House, Colonel Edward 361, 397
Hugo, Victor 110
Hundred Days Offensive 334
Hungary 17, 23, 27, 34, 39-40, 49, 137, 226-7, 236-7, 251, 253-4, 258, 279, 330, 335, 347, 414, 441, 443, 497, 670
Hurko, Josif 150
Hyde Park 148
Hythe 437
Illakowiczowna, Kazimiera 565-6
Imeretynski, Prince Aleksander 151
Inner War Council 511, 515, 519-20, 522, 585, 592, 598
Inogaki, Major Saburoh 176
Insurrection of 1830-31 (November Insurrection; Uprising of 1830-31) 2, 80-2, 87-8, 101, 107, 186
Insurrection of 1863. (January Insurrection; Uprising of 1863) 84-8, 101-4, 106, 108, 111, 129, 134, 152, 182, 186, 197, 202, 205, 234, 238, 240, 262, 526-7
Inter-Allied Mission to Poland 406, 433-4, 469
Irkutsk 124, 126, 129, 161
Italy 19, 69, 70-1, 75, 80, 84, 114, 234, 251, 253, 327, 329, 333, 344, 369, 441, 500, 540, 545, 556, 618, 673
Ivan the Terrible (czar of Russia) 41-2, 82
Jadwiga (queen of Poland) 28-9, 99, 168
Jagiello (Iogaila) (king of Poland) 28-31, 98-9
Jagiellonian age 27, 31-5, 37, 83, 98, 168, 267, 475, 527, 552, 573, 589
Japan 27, 121, 172-81, 184, 187, 189, 191, 197-8, 208, 226, 237, 242, 253, 259, 275, 293, 355, 366, 396, 415, 618, 668
January Insurrection. See Insurrection of 1863
Jasna Gora 44-5, 57-8
Jedrzejewicz, Janusz 668
Jedrzejewski, Stanislaw 174
Jefferson, Thomas 60
Jews 34, 42-3, 65, 105, 177, 195-6, 201, 204, 346, 355, 361, 376, 386, 393, 430, 476, 510, 513, 610, 662
Jodko-Narkiewicz, Witold 96, 166-7, 175, 183, 198, 238, 274
Joffre, General Joseph 300, 444
Juszkiewicz, Maria nee Koplewska (Pilsudski's first wife) 139, 153-5, 162, 169, 176, 205, 214, 232, 297, 337, 354, 498
Juszkiewicz, Marian 153
Juszkiewicz, Wanda 153, 155, 169, 205, 337, 498
Juszczynski, Stefan 129
Kakowski, Aleksander, Archbishop of Warsaw 499, 611, 650
Kamenev, General Sergei 403, 432, 442, 464
Kanczer, Michal 119-21
Karwina Basin 377
Kasprzycki, Tadeusz 261
Kasztanka 281, 385, 608, 630
Katowice 589
Kaunas 380, 387, 487
Kellogg-Briand Pact 668, 675
Kessler, Count Harry 339, 359
Kety 289
Kharkov 115-6, 192, 431
Kielce 259, 262-5, 267, 269, 279-81
Kiev 21-3, 29, 42, 46, 147, 163, 167, 193, 206, 213, 221, 241, 326, 375, 397, 401, 418, 425, 459, 465, 467, 583, 609
Kirensk 124-7, 129, 161
Klub Praca 553, 565, 604
Kluck, Governor-General von 308
Kluski-Modrzejewski 629
KNP (Polish National Committee) 273-4, 331
Koc, Adam 275, 341, 608
Kolchak, Admiral 396
Konarmia 423, 425, 438-9, 447
Konrad I, Duke of Masovia 24-5
Koplewska, Maria. See Juszkiewicz, Maria
Korea 173, 191
Korfanty, Wojciech 341, 508
Kościuszko Army 327-9
Kościuszko, Tadeusz 59-61, 63-5, 68, 74, 103, 186, 353, 405
Kościuszko's Uprising 63-5
Kosinierzy units 64
Kostiuchnowka, Battle of 295, 302-4
Koverda, Boros 619
Kozlowski, Leon 668
KPRP (Communist Workers Party of Poland) 358-9
Krakow (Cracow) 33, 53, 63, 65, 73, 78, 82, 99, 121-2, 164, 167-70, 186, 204, 207-11, 221, 223, 225, 230, 259, 261, 266,-9, 280-81, 284-5, 289, 296-7, 304, 306, 329, 335-6, 354, 360, 498, 508, 527, 531, 573, 648-52, 659, 661, 684, 692
Krasinski, Zygmunt 103, 141, 143
KTSSN (Provisional Committee of the Confederation of Independence Parties) 238-40, 257-8, 261, 267
Kucharzewski, Jan 321, 326
Kurier Poranny (the Morning Courier) 522, 552
Lados, General Kazimierz 582
Landy, Stanislaw 126
Latvia 19, 30, 34, 36, 144, 179, 183, 325, 347, 354, 397, 401, 408, 413-4, 473, 493, 681
Laval, Pierre 689-91
Lazienki Palace 499
Legionnaires Association 527-8, 536
Le Matin 602
Lena River 126
League of Nations 374, 397-8, 432, 434, 477, 540, 618, 627-8, 667-71, 677, 679, 681, 683
Leipzig 75, 141, 415
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich (Ulyanov) 12, 119, 121-2, 316, 323-6, 339, 341, 349, 359, 398-405, 409-11, 413, 417, 420, 424, 430-4, 440-4, 464, 472-5, 479-80, 509, 669
Leo, Juliusz 267
Leopold I (Habsburg emperor) 49
Lepecki, Captain Mierczyslaw 676, 689
Lerchenfield, Count 340
Lewandowska, Leonarda 126-8
Leytonstone, 148, 164
liberum veto 47, 54-5, 58, 60, 66-7, 503
Lieberman, Herman 653
Liebknecht, Karl 379
Liebknecht, Wilhelm 117, 143
Lipman, Stefania 7, 119
Lipski, Josef 676-7
Lithuania 18, 28-36, 46-7, 77-80, 85-7, 97-101, 105, 160, 166, 197, 212, 292, 308, 325, 332, 346-7, 354-6, 359, 368, 379-90, 394, 397, 401, 405, 408, 414, 428, 465, 466-78, 492, 495, 526, 594, 607-10, 617, 626-8, 656, 670, 681, 684
Little Entente 673
Litvinov, Maxim 681
Livonia 24, 30, 47, 59
Locarno, Treaty of 539-41, 543, 616-7, 619, 667
Lodz 9, 131-32, 154-5, 157, 161-3, 184, 189-90, 202, 284, 320, 363, 545, 569, 625
Lomza 153
London 134-5, 141, 147-9, 151, 153, 155, 159, 164, 166-7, 169, 175, 312, 411, 416, 421, 431-3, 440, 451, 539
London Sunday Times 671
Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orleans 79
Louis XIV (king of France) 48
Lowczowek 288
Lublin 36-7, 187, 326, 336, 351-2, 382, 451, 458
Lublin, Union of 36-7, 42, 83, 166, 355, 387
Lubomirski, Prince Zdzislaw 340-1
Ludendorff, Erich 303, 421
Lukaszewicz, Josef 119-20
Luxemburg, Rosa 379, 441
Lwow 73, 77, 163, 213, 228, 232, 268, 281, 336, 375-6, 382, 393, 395, 402, 431, 451, 499, 543, 545, 599
MacArthur, Douglas 405, 677
Maciejowice 64
Madalinski (Polish officer) 63
Madeira 664
Madonna of the Sharp Gate (Ostra Brama) 260, 612, 629, 691
Magdeburg Fortress 321, 337-9, 349, 359, 453
Magyars 17, 253
Makino, Count Nobuaki 174
Maklakov, Nikolia 272
Malczewski, General Juliusz 551-2, 554, 556-7, 569-70, 579-80
Malinowski, Alexander 157, 183
Malopolska 21, 29
Mancewicz, Dr. Michal 129
Manchester Guardian 654, 683
Manchuria 172-3, 180-1, 191, 668
March Constitution (Constitution of 1921) 504-5
Marchlewski, Julian 400, 410, 440
Marek, Zygmunt 547, 600
Markham, Edwin 323
Marne, Battle of the 279, 299, 444
Marx, Karl 61, 117, 136, 144, 205, 442, 474
Masovia 21, 24, 65
Matka Polka 114
Maximilian II 41
Max-Miller, William 514
May Constitution (Constitution of 1791) 61, 63, 70, 148, 306, 309, 420, 505, 546, 687
May Day 132, 189, 233, 546
May-ed (zmajowany) 593
Mazurkiewicz, Wladyslaw 9-11, 161, 163
Mech, Wladyslaw 204
Mendelson, Stanislaw 137
Mickiewicz, Adam 16, 103, 107-8, 143, 152, 260, 381, 387, 440, 650
Mieszko, Prince 20-1
Miklaszewski, Jan 162, 165
Millerand, Alexandre 437, 470, 496
Miner, the 175
Minority Treaty 430, 683
Minsk 29, 190, 381, 389, 394-5, 426, 462, 472, 474, 478, 554, 593
Minsk Mazowiecki 554
Miracle on the Vistula 12, 461, 468, 472, 480, 511
Mitteleuropa 307
Mohacs, Battle of 49
Mohi 23
Moltke, Hans von 677
Mongols 17, 22-3
Montenegro 236
Montrouge 134
Moraczewski, Jerrzej 352-3, 360-1, 507
Morning Courier, the (Kurier Poranny) 522, 552
Morstin, Ludwig 675
Moscicki, Ignacy 148, 599, 603, 607, 611-2, 640, 649, 651, 655, 676, 689-90, 692, 698
Moscow 17, 22, 34, 41-2, 64, 74, 108, 123-4, 154, 230, 317-8, 331, 354, 396, 400, 411, 417-8, 431, 433, 436-7, 440-2, 451, 464, 469, 472, 479, 619, 668, 689
Muraview, Mikhail "Hangman" 87, 103-4, 106, 108, 152, 161
Murmansk 331, 397
Muscovy (Muscovite Russia) 15, 19, 23, 31, 34-5, 39, 41-6, 104, 111, 142, 152, 179, 272, 283
Mussolini, Benito 178, 405, 503, 556, 561, 657, 673, 695
naczelnik 63, 353
name day 415, 536, 611, 664, 688
Napoleon III 85
Napoleon Bonaparte 69-77, 98, 110, 208, 284, 287, 291, 316, 410, 417, 441, 446-7, 466, 497, 561, 583-4, 598, 601, 630
Narew River 228
Narutowicz, Gabriel 512-6, 519, 523, 525-6, 596, 598
National Central Committee 297
National Democratic Party (ND) 178, 183, 193, 195, 229, 238, 262, 265-9, 273, 285, 321, 335, 352, 359-60, 368, 414, 420, 476, 506, 510, 512-4, 519, 522, 525-6, 532, 542, 543, 548, 589, 597, 609-10, 613, 615, 648, 699
National Will (People's Will) 115, 118-9, 122
Nazi 13-4, 55, 661-3, 667, 672, 674, 676, 678, 699
ND. See National Democratic Party
NEP (New Economic Policy) 480
Neris River 105
New Polish Courier (Nowy Kurier Polski) 546
New York Times 690
Nicholas I (czar of Russia) 2, 79-80, 84, 271, 387
Nicholas II (czar of Russia) 150, 158, 184-5, 187, 192-4, 255, 271, 301, 307, 310, 315
Niemen River, Battle of 463, 466-7, 473, 492, 583
Niewiadomski, Eligiusz 514-6
Nikolayevich, Grand Duke Nikolia 271
NKN (Supreme National Committee) 267-9, 273-5, 280, 289, 290, 295, 297, 308, 313
Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government (BBWR) 620-3, 634-40, 642-3, 646, 649, 652, 654-5, 660-1, 687, 697
November Insurrection. See Insurrection of 1830-31
Nowak, Julian 508
oath crisis 320-1, 329, 338
Ober Ost 378
October Manifesto 192-3
Okhrana 234, 578
Okrzeja, Stefan 184
Olza River 433
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) 662
Orlicz-Dreszer, General Gustaw 541-3, 557, 559, 561, 566-8, 611, 692
Ostra Brama (Madonna of the Sharp Gate) 260, 612, 629, 691
Ottoman Empire 49, 226, 236, 374
Otwock 293-4
Pacta Conventa 40, 576
Paderewski, Ignacy 311-2, 327-8, 333, 357, 360-3, 367, 371, 378, 388, 392, 397-8, 434, 477, 507, 597
Paine, Thomas 61
Pale of Settlement 346
Panas, Father Josef 611
Papen, Franz von 675
Paris 56, 59, 69, 75, 82-3, 148, 181-3, 241, 255, 277, 279, 290, 312, 327, 331, 335, 351, 363, 383, 388-9, 392-3, 441, 444, 470, 495-6, 512, 608, 668, 670, 675, 689
Paris Peace Conference 348, 361, 371, 373, 375-7, 397, 412
Paris Program 134-5, 139, 355
Parniewski, Kazimierz 141
Paszkowska, Maria "Gintra" 4-7, 9
Patek, Stanislaw 411, 619
Pawiak Prison 200, 292
Peasant Party 512, 515, 528, 589
Perl, Feliks 164, 167, 214, 222, 239, 573-5
Petain, General Philippe 300, 691
Peter and Paul Fortress 121
Peter the Great (czar of Russia) 52-4, 314, 325, 380, 472
Petlura, Symon 376, 401, 417-8, 422, 467, 478-9
Petrograd. See St. Petersburg
Piaseczno 304
Piast parties 336, 363, 436, 510, 548, 603, 649
Pikiliszki 631
Pilsudski, Adam (brother) 102, 154
Pilsudski, Aleksandra. See Szczerbinska, Aleksandra (second wife)
Pilsudski, Bronislaw (brother) 102, 107-8, 112, 114, 116, 119-20, 128, 137, 165, 191
Pilsudski, Jadwiga (daughter) 414, 523
Pilsudski, Jan (brother) 102, 154
Pilsudski, Josef (Joseph) Klemens
aliases 137, 147, 154, 165, 231
arrests 116, 121, 321
assassination attempt 499
Austria, relations with 168-9, 198-9, 234-5, 257-8, 262, 267-70
BBWR, and the 62-3, 634-7, 640, 643, 654, 660, 687
Bezdany Raid 211-24
birth 97
Brzesc 651-7
children 337, 342, 391, 414, 523
coup d'état 550-82
death 690
de facto dictatorship 353, 602
distrust of Russia 104, 106-8, 111, 140, 142-3, 179-80, 227, 409, 411-2, 454, 668
Dmowski, and 170, 176-81, 195-7, 311, 331, 342, 350, 352, 357-62, 371, 436, 455, 520, 663, 699
early life 102-15
education 103, 106-11, 115
elections of 1922, and the 512-7
election of 1928, and the 634-8
election of 1930, and the 651-7
escapes from prison 2-11
expletives, use of 525-6, 609, 632, 639
federation plans 13, 144, 188, 355-6, 387-8, 417, 478, 480, 495
First Brigade 286-2, 294-6, 298, 303-5, 313, 319, 365, 525, 527, 541, 593, 608, 670
first love 126-7
funeral 691-2
head of state, as 12, 14, 163, 226, 341, 349, 364, 369, 436, 454, 503, 509, 511, 513, 521-2, 573, 585, 591, 598, 630
health 126, 131, 170, 204, 231, 234, 296, 535, 547, 615, 632, 638, 663-4, 670, 688, 696
hobbies 629-31, 664
home life 523-7, 628-32
honors 496, 523, 527
imprisonment 116, 123-4, 126, 337-40
inspector general, as 592-3, 644, 696
Japan, in 174-81
Kiev, captures 419
Krakow, in 164, 168-9, 204, 228-9, 232
languages 106-8, 175, 186, 232, 390
Legionnaire Association, and the 527-8, 536
Lenin, relations with 401, 509
London, in 148, 152
Magdeburg Fortress, in 321, 337-9, 349, 359, 453
marriages 153, 498-9
Marshal of Poland, becomes 414-5
minister of war, as 587, 592-3, 603, 607, 628, 638, 696
Minsk, captures 394-5
Miracle on the Vistula, and the 12, 461, 468, 472, 480, 511
mother, influence of 100-3, 106-7, 114, 446, 583-4
Napoleon, admiration of 110, 208, 284, 287, 417, 441, 445, 447, 458, 466, 561, 583-4, 601, 630
newspaper interviews 522, 552, 546, 602, 639, 641, 643-4
nicknames 102, 229, 282, 523
oath crisis 320-1, 329, 338
Paris, in 183, 496
physical description 130, 149-50, 206, 350, 419, 453, 586
Polish Army, and the 12, 54, 191, 208-9, 211-4, 224, 228, 230-2, 258-9, 262, 274, 287, 298, 306, 369, 376, 384-5, 415, 457, 541, 568
Polish Legions, and the 174, 237, 263, 305
POW, and the 275-6, 291-4, 298, 313, 341, 364-5, 390
prime minister, as 602, 607, 614, 632, 639, 651, 660
publications 110, 112, 138, 148, 151, 170, 234, 238, 526, 643, 646
predictions 241-2, 680
refusals of political office 369, 510-1, 598-9
refuses oath 12, 320
released from German prison 339-40
religious beliefs 103, 110, 153, 296-7, 499, 629
reorganization of army high command 496, 511, 585, 592
resignations 304, 435-6, 520-1, 598, 647, 660
retirement 520-3
Siberian exile 122-9
siblings 102, 154, 129-31, 165
Socialism, and 4, 112, 116, 122, 131, 133, 142-4, 148, 170, 182, 207, 217, 228, 235, 351-2, 359, 362, 441, 470, 572-4, 576, 589, 595, 600, 634
soldiers in the Sejm incident 644-5
speeches 149, 182, 186, 369, 395, 419, 458, 521-2, 526-7, 545, 596-7, 608, 636
Ulna Mala 284, 338
underground activities 137-8, 141, 147, 154-6, 165-6
vacations 232, 498, 606, 664
Wilno, captures 384, 387
Worker, and the 141-9, 152, 155-9
WWI battles 283-4, 286, 295-6, 302-4
ZZSP, and the 135, 137, 140, 148, 153
Pilsudski, Józef Wincenty (father) 97-101, 105, 165
Pilsudski, Maria Billewicz (mother) 100-3, 106-7, 114, 446, 583-4
Pilsudski, Maria. See Juszkiewicz, Maria nee Koplewska (first wife)
Pilsudski, Wanda (daughter) 337, 342, 391, 523, 680
Pilsudski, Zofja (sister) 102, 129-31
Pinsk 466
Pius XI (pope) See also Ratti, Achille 456, 611
PKP (Polish Auxiliary Corps) 305
Podolia 36, 49, 57, 59, 371
pogrom 201, 376
Poincare, Raymond 475
Poland
Austrian Poland 12, 88, 164, 168-9, 188, 249, 261
bulwark of Christianity 371, 469, 612
Catholicism, of ethnic Poles 19, 610-2
Congress Kingdom 77- 87, 101, 131, 141, 165, 167-8, 186, 187, 192, 201, 208, 211. 233, 251, 259, 266, 271, 274, 286, 292, 298, 306, 347
Deluge, the 42-8, 203, 260, 309, 345, 375, 503, 555, 610, 699
Duchy of Warsaw 497, 598
early history 18-35
economy 493, 518, 528-34, 538-9, 545, 625-6, 643, 657-9
enlightened policies 37-40, 552
ethnicity 354, 476, 493-4
golden age 33-4, 105, 260, 354, 387, 503
invasions of 20, 23-5, 44-6, 58, 62-65, 75, 426
Jagiellonian age 28-35
minorities 90-1, 197, 357, 493-4, 596-8
Napoleon, and 69-77, 98, 110, 208, 284, 287, 291, 316, 410, 417, 441, 446-7, 466, 497, 561, 583-4, 598, 601, 630
Noble Republic 36, 39-40, 43, 45, 47, 66-8, 136, 144
non-aggression pact with Germany 677-80
non-aggression pact with Russia 669, 680
partitions 2, 58-66
period of fragmentation 21-2, 24-5, 27
Piast dynasty 20-1, 25, 27-8, 38, 555
Pilsudski, after 696-700
political parties, proliferation of 506, 510
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 37, 40, 45, 55, 66, 75, 77, 85, 105, 137, 145, 177, 180, 196, 332, 355, 374-5, 382, 476, 504, 526, 594, 610
population 55, 66, 270, 312, 476, 493
Prussian Poland 70, 187
reborn 342
religious tolerance 18, 35, 430, 683
Russian Poland 234-5, 237, 258-9, 261-8, 272, 279, 281, 286, 292, 305-8, 311, 316, 322, 593, 629
Second Republic 350, 363, 368, 375, 477, 492, 498, 502, 505, 507, 524, 539, 549, 559, 568, 574, 602, 610, 623, 647, 657, 663, 692, 694
Third Republic 700
uprisings, insurrections 2, 80, 84-8, 101-4, 106-8, 111, 129, 134, 152, 182, 186, 197, 202, 205, 234, 238, 240, 262, 526-7
WWI, and 256, 271-2, 307
Polanie, tribe 19
Polish Aid Corps 330
Polish Armed Forces 238 340, 364, 368, 421
Polish Army 192, 215, 224, 232, 258, 260-2, 286-7, 298, 306, 310, 312, 320, 334, 349, 365-8, 376, 381, 384, 386, 400-1, 405-7, 414, 416, 420, 423-6, 440, 442, 448, 451-3, 462, 464, 473, 495, 541, 593, 617, 627, 667, 674, 691, 698
Polish Army in France 329
Polish Auxiliary Corps (PKP) 305
Polish Constitution of 1791 (May Constitution) 61, 63, 70, 148, 306, 309, 420, 505, 546, 687
Polish Constitution of 1919(small constitution) 370
Polish Constitution of 1921(March Constitution) 495, 504-7, 510, 587, 604
Polish Constitution of 1935(April Constitution) 685-7
Polish Corridor 47, 374, 475, 539, 616, 618, 667, 671-3
Polish First Corps 316
Polish Legions
disbands 304
Eastern Legion 268, 285
formation 263, 268-70
Galicia, during Battle of 283-5
Kielce, at 279-81
legionnaires association 527-8, 536
Napoleonic 69-70
Pilsudski proposes 174, 237, 263
Western Legion 268
WWI battles 283-4, 286, 295-6, 302-4
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 37, 40, 45, 55, 66, 75, 77, 85, 105, 137, 145, 177, 180, 196, 332, 355, 374-5, 382, 476, 504, 526, 594, 610
Polish Military Organization (POW) 275-6, 291-4, 298, 311, 313, 341, 364-5, 390
Polish National Committee (KNP) 273-4, 331
Polish National Organization (PON) 274-5
Polish People's Republic 351, 650
Polish Relief Committee 312
Polish Socialist Party (PPS) 4, 6-7, 9-10, 135-70, 174-226, 229, 234-9, 259, 262, 264, 314, 318, 335, 355, 358, 379, 413, 421, 506, 510, 514-5, 525, 531, 548, 573-5, 586, 588, 598-601, 606, 621-2, 634, 636, 639, 642-8, 653
Polish-Soviet War
background 379-82, 384, 404-8
battles 384, 413, 416, 419, 423-5, 438, 454-7, 459, 466
casualties 413, 422, 463, 467
conclusion 467
Inter-Allied Mission 406, 433-4, 469
Kiev campaign 418-21
Miracle on the Vistula 12, 461, 468, 472, 480, 511
Niemen River, Battle of 463, 466-7, 473, 492, 583
outbreak 384
Riga, Treaty of 12, 474-80, 498, 504
significance 467-9
Soviet peace campaign 410-2
Soviet plans 409-12, 423, 441-2, 464
Spa conference, and the 431, 433, 477
Stalin, and 405, 421, 423-4, 441-2, 464
Ukrainian campaign 375-6, 393-4
Warsaw, Battle of 437-58
Poltava, Battle of 53
Pomerania 21, 24-5, 54-5, 346, 371-2, 414, 589
PON (Polish National Organization) 274-5
Poniatowski Bridge 559, 561, 567, 592
Poniatowski, Joseph 62-3, 73, 283
Poniatowski, Stanislaw. See Stanislaw II Augustus (king of Poland)
Ponikowski, Antoni 499, 502, 507-8
Populist parties 335, 368, 512-3, 528
Port Arthur 172
Portsmouth, Treaty of 191
POW (Polish Military Organization) 275-6, 291-4, 298, 313, 341, 364-5, 390
Porwit, Marian 560
Poznan, Poznania 77, 237, 341, 352, 371-2, 378, 455, 527, 542-3, 570-3, 589, 613, 650
PPS (Polish Socialist Party) 4, 6-7, 9-10, 135-70, 174-226, 229, 234-5, 237-9, 259, 262, 264, 314, 318, 335, 355, 358, 379, 413, 421, 506, 510, 514-5, 525, 531, 548, 573-5, 586, 588, 598-601, 606, 621-2, 634, 636, 639, 642-8, 653
PPS-Left 203, 238, 335, 358
Praga 455, 557, 560-2
Praga, Massacre of 65
Prauss, Ksawery 164-5
Pre-Dawn, the 137, 139, 148, 167, 169
Princip, Gavrilo 252
Pripet Marshes 17, 162, 412, 417, 422, 425, 442
Pripet River 231, 346, 416
Proletariat, the 118
Prometheism Project. See also federation 356
Provisional Committee of the Confederation of Independence Parties (KTSSN) 238-40, 257-8, 261, 267
Provisional Council of State (TRS) 308, 311-4, 318, 321
Provisional Executive Committee of Centre-Left (Centrolew) 649
Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee (Polrevkom) 440
Prussia 37, 44, 47, 53, 55-6, 59, 63, 65, 69, 71, 77-8, 82, 88, 141, 279, 306-7, 433, 442
Prystor, Alexander 189, 210, 212, 215, 219, 235, 341, 384, 608, 632, 642, 647-9, 665-6
Przemysl 330, 611
Pulawy 458
Pultusk 63
Quadrennial Sejm 60
Raclawice, Battle of 63-4
Radziwill, Janusz 609, 610
Radziwill, Stanislaw 609
Radziwillowicz, Rafal 6
Radzymin, suburb of 453-6
Rapallo, Treaty of 500-1, 540, 616-7, 681
Rataj, Marciej 515, 530, 537, 542, 546, 563, 580-2, 586-7, 590, 597, 599, 605, 609, 612, 614
Ratti, Achille, See Pius XI (pope) 456, 611
Red Army 12-3, 384, 388, 402-6, 411, 413-8, 421-4, 429, 431, 435, 440-4, 447, 449, 452, 463-9, 471, 479, 495, 532, 691
Regency Council 318, 321, 326, 330, 334-41, 350, 366
Republic of Anarchy 68, 335
Revolution of 1905 193, 197-8, 200, 204, 208, 276, 315
Revolution of 1917 223, 313-7
Rhineland Pact 540
riflemen associations 13, 228, 234, 236, 240, 257, 280, 290, 366, 621
Riga, Treaty of 12, 474-80, 498, 504
Robotnik (the Worker) 142-9, 152, 155-9, 163-5, 167, 170, 189, 238, 352
Rokitna, Charge at 290-1
rokosz 555
Roman Catholic Church. See Catholicism
Roman Empire 18-20, 66, 110
Romania.See Rumania
Romanov Empire 48, 76, 270, 272, 314-5, 317, 325, 347
Romocki, Pawel 603
Roosevelt, President Theodore 191
Rossa Cemetery 691
Rothschild, Joseph 696
Royal Castle 353, 524, 562, 600, 614, 658
Roznowski, Kazimierz 154-5, 159
Rozwadowski, General Tadeusz 334, 581-2, 591
Ruik dynasty 23
Rumania (Romania) 18, 83, 237, 414, 419, 441, 493, 487-9, 520, 619, 664, 669-70, 673, 682, 692
Rumbold, Sir Horace 348, 392
Russia
alliances 668-9
Bolsheviks, and 12, 316, 334, 351-52, 356, 359, 363, 377, 379, 380-3, 386-8, 393, 395-424 , 428, 430-1, 434-8, 440-2, 447, 451, 454, 459-60, 464, 467, 469, 473-4, 479-80, 509, 578, 595, 619-20, 668
Civil War 325, 396-7, 401, 403, 409
Congress Kingdom 77- 87, 101, 131, 141, 165, 167-8, 186, 187, 192, 201, 208, 211. 233, 251, 259, 266, 271, 274, 286, 292, 298, 306, 347
early history 29, 34-5, 41, 44
Germany, relations with 500-1, 529, 680-1
Poland, partitions of 58-62
Poland, plans for during WWI 271-3, 316-7, 323
Polish uprisings, suppression of 57-9, 63-5, 79-81, 84-8
Revolution of 1905 193, 197-8, 200, 204, 208, 276, 315
Revolution of 1917 223, 313-7
Russian Poland 234-5, 237, 258-68, 272, 279, 281, 286, 292, 305-8, 311, 316, 322, 593, 629
Time of Troubles 42
Turkey, wars with 62, 69, 79
Ruthenia, Ruthenians 23, 26, 29, 36, 43, 46, 144, 375, 419, 476, 507
Rydz-Smigly, General Edward 289, 306, 336, 376, 413, 424, 458, 698
Rytro 170
Saint-Cyr 496
St. Nicholas the Miracle Worker 9, 161
St. Petersburg (Petrograd, Leningrad) 9, 64, 115, 118-20, 127, 137, 161, 165, 185, 212, 219, 314, 340
St. Stanislaw (Stanislaw of Szczepanow) 22, 47, 168, 344
Sakhalin Island 121, 128, 165, 191
Sanacja 588, 594, 602, 604, 607, 613, 621-2, 613, 634-40, 644-5, 647, 649, 653, 655, 657, 659, 663
San Stefano, Treaty of 237
Sapieha, Adam 684
Sapieha, Prince Eustachy 361, 496, 499, 611
Sarajevo 242, 250-2
Saratoga, Battle of 60
Sawicki (Bezdany Raid participant) 213, 215
Sawicki, Colonel Kazimierz 561
Saxon Square 513, 562, 569-70
Saxony 50, 53, 71, 75, 141
Schlieffen Plan 242, 255, 277, 279
SDKPil (Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania) 160, 189, 204, 335, 358
Second Brigade 286, 320, 327, 329-30, 365, 611
Second March First plot 120
Second Polish Republic 350, 363, 368, 375, 477, 492, 498, 502, 505, 507, 524, 539, 549, 559, 568, 574, 602, 610, 623, 647, 657, 663, 692, 694
Sedan 255, 449
Seeckt, General Hans von 442, 476
Seine River 122
Sejm 38-40, 47-8, 50, 53-8, 60-1, 66-7, 79, 369-70, 385, 389, 392, 414, 427, 474, 476, 478, 500-10, 512, 515-21, 529-34, 537-9, 542, 546-8, 581, 589, 596-602, 604-7, 610-15, 635-6, 639-57, 660-1, 685-7
Sejmocracy 505-8, 539, 566, 584
Sejm of the West 590
Serbia 226-7, 235-7, 241, 252-5, 257, 259, 279, 281
Sforza, Bona 33, 35, 475
Sforza, Count Carlo 14, 17, 475
Shabashnikov, Ivan 7-8
Siberia 3, 5, 7-8, 57-8, 65, 81, 87, 103, 109, 114, 121-9, 131, 133-4, 137, 200, 235, 323, 350, 397, 422-5, 441, 458, 615, 629
Sicinski, Wladyslaw 47
Siedielnikow, Alexel 4-6
Sieroszewski, Waclaw 264
Sigismund I "the Elder" (king of Poland) 33
Sigismund II Augustus (king of Poland) 35-7
Sikorski, Wladyslaw 232, 263, 274, 283, 290, 310, 320, 365, 416, 435, 439, 457, 460, 471, 515, 519-20, 526-8, 536-7, 541-8, 551-2, 565-6, 571, 591, 659-60
Silent Sejm 54-5, 81, 152, 314, 646
Silesia 21, 26, 34, 237, 265, 335, 339, 346, 354, 368, 371-4, 376-7, 431, 433, 475, 495, 500, 508, 539, 589-90, 626, 675
Skalon, Georgii 201
Skirmunt-Benes Pact 500
Skirmunt, Konstanty 499-502, 508-9
Skorewicz, Kazimierz 524
Skrzynski, Count Alexander 543-8, 574
Skulski, Leopold 363, 426, 507
Skwarczynski, Stanisalw 571
Slawek, Walery 183-4, 188, 200, 210, 215, 238, 289, 294, 608, 612, 621-2, 625, 632, 634, 636-9, 643, 649-51, 660-6, 689, 698
Slawoj-Skladkowski, General 664
Sliwinski, Artur 289, 508, 657, 694, 697
Słowacki, Juliusz 98, 103, 107, 143, 158, 381, 608, 695-6
Small Constitution. (Polish constitution of 1919) 370
Sobieski, John III (king of Poland) 48-52, 55, 64-5, 69, 73, 98-9, 109, 168, 260, 447, 578, 684, 692
Social Democrats 379, 573
Socialism 13, 112, 115, 117, 130-1, 133-4, 136, 141-4, 153, 166-7, 170, 177, 203, 214, 227, 351-2, 388, 404, 476, 480, 556, 573, 621
Sokolnicki, Michal 204
Somme, Battle of 300-1
Somosierra 291
Sosnkowski, Kazimierz 211, 213, 236, 238, 289, 338-9, 366, 443-4, 453, 496, 535-6, 571-2
Spa Conference 431, 433, 477
Spain 15, 31, 33
Spartacist Uprising 379
Sponjia 112-3, 117
stabilization loan 625
Stalin, Joseph 13, 98, 380, 403, 405, 421, 423-4, 441-2, 464, 480, 503, 595, 619-20, 657, 662, 668-9, 681, 695
Stanislaw II Augustus. See Poniatowski, Stanislaw (king of Poland)
Stavropol 365
Steczkowski, Jan Kanty 326
Stresemann, Gustav 627
Stronnictwo Chlopski 643
Stronski, Stanislaw 686
Struggle, the 167, 169
Strzelcy. See riflemen associations
Styr River 294, 298, 302, 424
Sulejowek 536, 542-3, 553-4, 556, 560-1, 630, 688
Sulkiewicz, Alexander 139, 159, 162-3, 166-7
Suwalki 380, 390
Supreme National Council (NKN) 267-9, 273-5, 280, 289, 290, 295, 297, 308, 313
Sweden 43-5, 47, 53
Swiss mark 539
Switalski, Kazimierz 608, 641, 644, 646, 660
Switzerland 31, 240, 312, 324, 331, 434, 512, 539
Szczerbinska, Aleksandra (second wife) 104, 109, 127, 205-7, 212-5, 221-2, 232, 280, 292-3, 312, 337, 342, 354, 391, 414, 454, 498-9, 512, 524, 554, 561, 586, 629, 631, 694
Szczypiorno 320
Szembek, Count Jan 673
Szeptycki, Stanisalw 305, 365, 394, 437, 520, 522-3, 552, 591
szlachta 27-8, 32-3, 37, 39-40, 42-3, 51, 55, 66-7, 74, 99, 110, 112, 177, 196, 205, 477, 555, 576, 609-10
Szwarce, Bronislaw 128
tachanka 406, 423
Talleyrand, Charles Maurice de 77
Tannenberg, Battle of (1410) 31-2, 177, 230, 271
Tannenberg, Battle of (1918) 278-9, 281
Target Vistula 382
Tarnogrod, Confederation of 54
Tarnowski, Count Adam 590
Tatars 15, 17-8, 30-1, 34-5, 40, 43, 355
Tenth Pavilion 3-4, 9, 200
Teschen (Silesia) 334, 374, 376, 431, 433, 500, 617, 669, 676
Teutonic Knights 24-6, 30-2, 41, 44, 62, 177, 272, 374
Third Brigade 286, 365, 394, 522
Third Partition 2, 68, 72, 77
Thirteenth Point 41, 333, 370, 374
Thugutt, Stanislaw 537
Tokyo 175-6, 178-9, 209, 667
Tomsk 124
Trampczynski, Marshal of the Sejm 420-1
Transylvania 40, 44, 48-9
Traugutt, Romuald 86, 98
Triple Entente 251
Trotsky, Leon 12, 98, 402-3, 405, 409-10, 412, 422, 424, 480
TRS (Provisional Council of State) 308, 311-4, 318, 321
Trzaska-Durski, Karol 270, 286
Tukhachevsky, General Mikhail 422-26, 428-30, 435, 437-8, 442-3, 446-7, 449, 451-4, 458-69, 472-3, 480, 526
Tunka 128-9, 161
Turkey 60-3, 79, 83, 226, 236-7, 251, 317, 347, 664
Two Emperor's Manifesto 306, 309, 327
Tyumen 124
Ukraine, the 23, 29, 36-7, 42-9, 53, 57, 62, 80, 98, 179, 197, 273, 291, 304, 308, 319, 325, 330-1, 346, 357, 365-7, 376, 380, 383, 387, 390, 393, 396-7, 401, 405, 414-21, 441, 476, 478, 480, 509, 573, 662, 684
uhlan 291, 366, 457, 554
Ulina Mala 284, 338
Ulyanov, Aleksander 119-21, 323
Ulyanov, Vladimir IIyich. See Lenin
Union for Active Struggle (ZWC) 213, 225, 228-9, 231, 236, 275, 289, 366, 535
Union of Polish Socialists Abroad (ZZSP) 135, 137, 140, 148, 153
United States of America 59-60, 64, 68, 141, 174-5, 187, 251, 312, 317-8, 326-35, 345, 361, 366-7, 372-3, 377, 396-7, 414, 416, 529, 534, 625, 657, 667
Ural Mountains 123, 407
Utsunomiya, Colonel Taro 175
Valois, Henri. See Henri III (king of France and Poland)
Vasa, Sigismund (king of Poland) 42
Venice 231
Verdun, Battle of 299-302, 496
Versailles, Treaty of 332, 361, 372-4, 377-8, 394, 397, 409, 412, 414, 430, 539, 616-7, 627, 667, 669, 671-6, 678, 681, 683
Vienna 23, 168, 174, 203, 226, 239, 250-7, 267-8, 274-5, 289, 329, 351, 573, 688
Vienna, Congress of 76-7, 241, 250-1, 306, 329, 373
Vienna, Siege of 49-52, 69, 73, 447, 457, 684
Virgin Mary 457, 461, 471, 612, 629
Virtuti Militari 471, 496, 521, 523, 560, 609
Vistula River 2, 19, 25, 47, 59, 64-5, 228, 279, 412, 430, 440, 444, 451, 453, 466, 511, 557, 560, 586
Vistula Land 87, 100
Vladivostok 396
Voikov, Pyotr 619
Voldemaras, Augustinas 627-8
Volga River 124, 397
Volhynia, Volhynian 36, 291, 371, 375, 393, 420
Walesa, Lech 699
Wasilewski, Leon 149, 204, 383
Warsaw 2, 36-45, 63-5, 73, 75, 79-81, 118, 140-1, 151-3, 183-5, 187, 189, 92, 200-4, 218, 264, 273, 279, 290-4, 312, 320, 336, 340-1, 349, 353, 383, 389, 402, 420, 429, 433-6, 439, 443-57, 460-66, 499, 501, 515, 518, 521, 530, 532, 537, 545, 552-63, 567-82, 590, 617, 619, 654, 659, 672, 691
Warsaw, Battle of 45, 452-58, 461, 465, 467-8, 556, 611, 613
Warta River 19, 44, 378
Washington, George 60
Watt, Richard 503
Wawel Castle 33, 40, 75, 168, 260, 367, 608, 650, 684, 692, 695
Wehrmacht 410
Weimar Republic 379, 534, 538, 617, 667, 674
Wenckenbach, Professor 688-9
Wesel Fortress 321
West Prussia 77, 235, 378, 475
Western civilization 12-3, 15-6, 18-9, 23, 49-50, 69, 143, 404, 468, 684
"We the First Brigade" 277, 288-9, 527, 553, 562, 687
Weygand, General Maxine 405, 433-5, 444, 449-50, 455, 458, 460, 469-71, 494, 675
White Mountain, Battle of 376
White Russians 376, 388, 394, 396, 399, 401, 410, 429, 435, 441, 451, 509
Wiat, General Carton de 399
Wicher 671, 673-4
Wieckowski, Aleksander 400
Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) 25, 62, 71, 378
Wieniawa-Dlugoszowski, Colonel 554
Wieprz River 449, 451, 458
Wilhelm II (emperor of Germany) 306-7
Wilja 672, 674
Wilno (Vilnius) 29, 53, 65, 97, 105-116, 119-20, 129, 131-3, 137, 146, 149, 152-3, 166, 176, 206, 211-7, 223, 301, 305, 380-90, 395, 415, 426, 428, 477-8, 573, 576, 612, 627, 688, 691
Wilno "mutiny" 477-8
Wilno University 105, 107, 387
Wilson, Sir Henry 469
Wilson, Woodrow 41, 310, 317, 328, 333, 361, 371, 374, 388, 397-8
Winged Hussars 41-2, 48, 50-2, 108, 260, 406, 423, 447
Wisniewski, Antoni 148-9
Witos, Wincenty 335, 336, 352, 436, 454, 455, 499, 507, 512, 519-21, 528, 530-1, 535, 548, 551-9, 563, 568, 570-2, 574-7, 579-82, 593-4, 613, 644, 653, 661
Wladyslaw I "the Elbow High" (king of Poland) 25
Wojciechowski, Stanislaw 139-41, 149, 153-4, 159, 165-6, 512, 515, 532, 539, 541, 543-4, 546-8, 556-60, 563-4, 568, 570, 574, 576-83, 597, 600, 645
Wolbrom 283
Worker, The (Robotnik) 141-9, 152, 155-9, 163-5, 167, 170, 189, 238, 352
World War I (First World War; WWI) See also the Great War 12, 15-6, 31, 34, 72, 121, 153, 224, 250, 256, 291, 301, 314, 325, 344, 348, 404-7, 428, 445, 447, 458, 493-6, 528, 550, 556, 561, 566, 593, 601, 612, 616, 621, 663, 693
World War II (Second World War; WWII) 13-4, 35, 251, 278, 301, 311, 345, 352, 405, 420, 662-3, 696, 699
Woyczynski, Dr. Marcin 664, 688
Wrangel, Baron 473
Wyhowski, Ivan 45
Wyspianski, Stanislaw 187
Wyzwolenie Party 510, 553, 643, 653
Year 1920, The 526
Yegorov, Alexander 422-3, 442
Zakopane 186, 230, 233, 324
Zaleski, August 618, 670
Zamojski, Count Maurycy 512
Zbrucz River 394, 418
Zdziechowski, Jerzy 608-9
Zeligowski, Lucjan 478-9, 543-4, 554, 564, 566-7, 572, 574, 627
Zeromski, Strefan 230-1
Zielinski, Zygmunt 286
Zmudzi-Tenenie 131
ZO (Zionist Organization) 166
Zulow 97, 100, 102-5, 110, 126, 131, 524, 695
Zulow Dove 110
ZWC (Union for Active Struggle) 213, 225, 228-9, 231, 236, 275, 289, 366, 535
ZZSP (Union of Polish Socialists Abroad) 135, 137, 140, 148, 153
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